Proteins are formed of amino acids. Most organisms can synthesize some of the 20 common amino acids. Most bacteria and plants can synthesize all twenty, but mammals can synthesize only the ten nonessential amino acids.
The amino acids are joined together in a chain by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. Each different protein has a unique sequence of amino acid residues: this is its primary structure. The polypeptide chain undergoes modifications, folding and structural changes to form the final protein.
The amino acids are joined together in a chain by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. Each different protein has a unique sequence of amino acid residues: this is its primary structure. The polypeptide chain undergoes modifications, folding and structural changes to form the final protein.
Nucleotides are made from amino acids, carbon dioxide and formic acid in pathways that require large amounts of metabolic energy.
Purines are synthesized as nucleosides (bases attached to ribose). Adenine and guanine for example are made from the precursor nucleoside inosine monophosphate, which is synthesized using atoms from the amino acids glycine, glutamine, and aspartic acid, as well as formate transferred from the coenzyme tetrahydrofolate.
Pyrimidines, like thymine and cytosine, are synthesized from the base orotate, which is formed from glutamine and aspartate.
Reference: http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Anabolism.aspx
Purines are synthesized as nucleosides (bases attached to ribose). Adenine and guanine for example are made from the precursor nucleoside inosine monophosphate, which is synthesized using atoms from the amino acids glycine, glutamine, and aspartic acid, as well as formate transferred from the coenzyme tetrahydrofolate.
Pyrimidines, like thymine and cytosine, are synthesized from the base orotate, which is formed from glutamine and aspartate.
Reference: http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Anabolism.aspx